Answers
Does Naven require a phone number?
No. Naven never asks for a phone number, at sign-up or at any point afterwards. An email address and a six-digit code are the whole identity check.
Phone numbers are used by other messengers for anti-abuse — numbers cost money, which makes bulk account creation expensive — and the cost of that choice falls on people who do not have their own number, who do not want to share it, or who are hiding from somebody who knows it.
Naven accepts that trade the other way and handles abuse through screening and rate limits instead.
There is also no phone number lookup, so nobody can discover whether a number belongs to a Naven account.